
-   Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF)-1 inhibits SLPI expression by binding to an ISRE-like site located within the -221 to -200 region of the human SLPI promoter [PMID: 10498899].
-   The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation regulates SLPI expression, which likely contributes to shifting the macrophage phenotype from proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory [PMID: 37287978].
-   Treatment with high doses of estrogen and progesterone promotes the expression of host antiviral factors SLPI in response to HIV-1 infection. SLPI acts at the pre-integration stage, inhibiting HIV-1 viral entry and leading to the observed downmodulation of HIV-1 replication [PMID: 35062299].
-   SLPI gene expression in airway epithelial cells (HS-24) can be upregulated by an inflammatory stimulus, including TNF-a, PMA and LPS. This modulation is regulated at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels [PMID: 7913712].
