
-   The expression of the antibacterial proteins including S100A9 by HT-29 cells was largely upregulated after stimulation with rhesus macaque IL-22 (rhIL-22). Recombinant rhIL-22 could also significantly promote the proliferation of human intestinal epithelial cells without affecting cell apoptosis [PMID: 29465767].
-   Binding of two nuclear complexes [MRE-binding complex A (MbcA) and MRE-binding complex B (MbcB)] to a regulatory element (position -400 to -374 bp) within the human S100A9 promoter drives the S100A9 gene expression. A Kruppel-related zinc finger protein and the transcriptional intermediary factor 1beta (TIF1beta) are involved in an MRE-binding complex, thereby regulating the S100A9 gene expression [PMID: 12167632].
-   Crosslinking of the CD69 molecule enhances S100A9 production in activated neutrophils [PMID: 17237603].
-   The poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and the heterodimeric complex Ku70/Ku80 bind to the MRE of S100A9 promotor that drives the S100A9 gene expression in a cell type-specific, activation- and differentiation-dependent manner. TPA- and TNFalpha- stimulation could resulted in increased levels of S100A9 mRNA transcripts. TPA-induced S100A9 gene expression in HaCaT keratinocytes was blocked after the pharmacologic inhibition of PARP-1 with 1,5-isoquinolinediol (DiQ). [PMID: 17187679].
