
-   LCN-2 expression is upregulated in both acute and chronic kidney damage. Expression level of LCN-2 correlated with severity of kidney damage [PMID: 20122150, PMID: 18337554].
-   In FVB/N mice with severe renal lesions due to chronic kidney disease (CKD), there was a significant upregulation of Lcn2 gene expression following nephron reduction, identifying Lcn2 not only as a marker but as an active contributor to CKD progression [PMID: 20921623].
-   Lcn2 (NGAL) mRNA expression was elevated in the serum of patients with diabetic nephropathy [PMID: 32096162].
-   Lcn2 mRNA expression was increased in both the renal cortex and medulla in prediabetic obese rats as compared to control rats, suggest lipocalin-2 expression could be the early signs of kidney injury of obese, prediabetic rats [PMID: 31480394]. In Sprague Dawley rats with diabetes mellitus induced by Streptozotocin, there was a significant upregulation of NGAL mRNA in diabetic nephropathy. This upregulation was associated with increased proteinuria, tubular injury, and higher expression of apoptosis markers, indicating NGAL's involvement in the progression of tubular injury and apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy [PMID: 33510115].
-   Lcn2 (Lipocalin 2) gene expression was significantly altered in mouse kidneys in the context of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) [PMID: 35957725].
