
-   Overexpression of SERPINA3 has been reported to be positively related to poor prognosis in the patients with colon, breast, lung, gastric, glioblastoma and melanoma cancer [PMID: 31790278].
-   Elevated plasma ACT levels were found in AD patients, particularly those with accelerated cognitive deterioration and the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele, suggesting its potential as a surrogate marker for monitoring AD progression [PMID: 18991685]. Age-dependent increase in Serpina3n was observed in apoE-deficient mice, with APOE4 allele overexpression or down-regulation of the apoE receptor led to elevated Serpina3n levels [PMID: 10487844].
-   Following mechanical skin injury, alpha1-ACT and its mouse homologue Spi-2 (serpin3an) exhibit increased activity and gene expression, essential for normal wound healing. Impaired alpha1-ACT/Spi-2 activity correlates with wound healing defects. Topically applied recombinant alpha1-ACT improves wound healing in diabetic mice. LC-MS analysis identifies neutrophil elastase as the main protease causing alpha1-ACT inactivation in nonhealing wounds [PMID: 21693707].
-   In mouse models of Muscular Dystrophy (MD) and after acute muscle tissue injury, a compensatory increase in the serine protease inhibitor Serpina3n was observed. Serpina3n muscle-specific transgenic mice exhibited reduced activity of certain proteases in dystrophic skeletal muscle, which protected the muscle from acute injury and chronic muscle disease in mdx or Sgcd(-/-) MD genetic backgrounds. Increased Serpina3n enhanced sarcolemma membrane integrity and stability, associated with greater membrane presence of integrins, the DGC/utrophin-glycoprotein complex, and annexin A1, leading to reduced myofiber degeneration and increased regeneration [PMID: 26744329].
-   In male BALB/c mice with coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis, serpin A3n gene was upregulated. Testosterone treatment further increased cardiac serpin A 3n levels, and IL-1beta, a cytokine, also upregulated cardiac serpin A 3n mRNA. Recombinant serpin A3n treatment induced cardiac fibrosis during myocarditis while reducing MMP-3 and MMP-9 levels [PMID: 22328081].
-   Serpina3n was up-regulated significantly in lungs of pulmonary fibrotic models induced by silica and bleomycin at mRNA and protein levels relative to control.Adeno-associated virus type 9 (AAV9)-mediated Serpina3n knockdown in the lung tissues alleviated bleomycin-induced fibrotic symptoms suggesting that Serpina3n is a critical regulator in pulmonary fibrosis [PMID: 32900484].
-   SerpinA3N expression was highly induced in mice with acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. Hepatocyte SerpinA3N deficiency reduced APAP-induced liver injury by ameliorating inflammation and modulating the 5' AMP-activated protein kinase-unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 signaling pathway [PMID: 33436521].
-   SerpinA3n knockout can attenuate airway hyper-reactivity, mitigate inflammatory responses and reduce collagen deposition in lung tissues of neonatal mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma [PMID: 33609775].
-   Serpina3n gene expression up-regulated during the resolution phase of DSS-induced colitis in colon stromal cells in mice and this protease inhibitor functions as an endogenous regulator of the resolution phase of inflammation which can prevent the progression of inflammation [PMID: 33862275].
