
-   IGF-I (mTOR activator) inhibited Serpina3n expression and DEX-induced atrophy, rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor) increased Serpina3n expression, and mice with muscle-specific mTOR deletion showed elevated Serpina3n mRNA and atrophy. This evidence indicates that mTOR negatively regulates Serpina3n expression [PMID: 29989354].
-   SERPINA3 is a direct target gene of Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERalpha). This was substantiated by observing that SERPINA3 expression was significantly higher in ER+ breast cancer compared to ER- breast cancer; SERPINA3 expression decreased in long-term estrogen deprivation (LTED) cells, where ERalpha activity is inhibited, and further supported by experiments showing that siRNA-mediated knockdown of ERalpha led to a reduction in SERPINA3 expression at both mRNA and protein levels [PMID: 37414914].
-   As an acute phase protein, serpinA3N is secreted in response to inflammation, and glucocorticoids. In the brain, its secretion is regulated by IL-6 signaling through soluble (s)IL-6Ra (trans-signaling) that then form a complex with gp130 to activate the JAK/STAT signaling pathway [PMID: 29989354].
